2021

Abortion

1. Do you generally support pro-choice or pro-life legislation?
- Pro-choice

Budget

1. In order to balance the budget, do you support an income tax increase on any tax bracket?
- Yes

2. Do you support expanding federal funding to support entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare?
- Yes

Campaign Finance

1. Do you support the regulation of indirect campaign contributions from corporations and unions?
- Yes

Crime

1. Do you support the protection of government officials, including law enforcement officers, from personal liability in civil lawsuits concerning alleged misconduct?
- No

Defense

Do you support increasing defense spending?
- No

Economy

1. Do you support federal spending as a means of promoting economic growth?
- Yes

2. Do you support lowering corporate taxes as a means of promoting economic growth?
- No

3. Do you support providing financial relief to businesses AND/OR corporations negatively impacted by the state of national emergency for COVID-19?
- Yes

Education

1. Do you support requiring states to adopt federal education standards?
- Yes

Energy and Environment

1. Do you support government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, geo-thermal)?
- Yes

2. Do you support the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions?
- Yes

Guns

1. Do you generally support gun-control legislation?
- Yes

Health Care

1. Do you support repealing the 2010 Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare")?
- No

2. Do you support requiring businesses to provide paid medical leave during public health crises, such as COVID-19?
- Yes

Immigration

1. Do you support the construction of a wall along the Mexican border?
- No

2. Do you support requiring immigrants who are unlawfully present to return to their country of origin before they are eligible for citizenship?
- No

National Security

1. Should the United States use military force to prevent governments hostile to the U.S. from possessing a weapon of mass destruction (for example: nuclear, biological, chemical)?
- No

2. Do you support reducing military intervention in Middle East conflicts?
- Yes

Trade

Do you generally support removing barriers to international trade (for example: tariffs, quotas, etc.)?
- Yes

Congressional Election 2006 National Political Awareness Test

Abortion

1. Abortions should always be illegal.
- No Answer

2. Abortions should always be legal.
- X

3. Abortions should be legal only within the first trimester of pregnancy.
- No Answer

4. Abortions should be legal when the pregnancy resulted from incest or rape.
- No Answer

5. Abortions should be legal when the life of the woman is endangered.
- No Answer

6. Prohibit public funding of abortions and to organizations that advocate or perform abortions.
- No Answer

7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Budgetary, Spending, and Tax Issues, Part 1: Budget Priorities

1. Agriculture
- Maintain Status

2. Arts
- Maintain Status

3. Defense
- Maintain Status

4. Education
- Greatly Increase

5. Environment
- Slightly Increase

6. Homeland security
- Maintain Status

7. International aid
- Slightly Increase

8. Law enforcement
- Maintain Status

9. Medical research
- Greatly Increase

10. National parks
- Maintain Status

11. Public health services
- Slightly Increase

12. Scientific research
- Slightly Increase

13. Space exploration programs
- Slightly Decrease

14. Transportation and highway infrastructure
- Slightly Increase

15. Welfare
- Maintain Status

16. Emergency preparedness
- Maintain Status

17. Other or expanded categories
- No Answer

Budgetary, Spending, and Tax Issues, Part 2: Defense Spending

1. Armed Forces personnel training
- Maintain Status

2. Intelligence operations
- Greatly Increase

3. Military hardware
- Maintain Status

4. Modernization of weaponry and equipment
- Maintain Status

5. National missile defense
- Slightly Decrease

6. Pay for active duty personnel
- Greatly Increase

7. Programs to improve troop retention rates
- Slightly Increase

8. Research and development of new weapons
- Maintain Status

9. Troop and equipment readiness
- Maintain Status

10. Other or expanded categories
- No Answer

Budgetary, Spending, and Tax Issues, Part 3: Taxes (A)

1. Less than $25,000
- Greatly Decrease

2. $25,000-$75,000
- Slightly Decrease

3. $75,000-$150,000
- Maintain Status

4. Over $150,000
- Slightly Increase

5. Other or expanded categories
- No Answer

6. Over $40,000
- Maintain Status

7. Alcohol taxes
- Maintain Status

8. Capital gains taxes
- Slightly Increase

9. Cigarette taxes
- Maintain Status

10. Corporate taxes
- Slightly Increase

11. Gasoline taxes
- Greatly Decrease

12. Inheritance taxes
- Maintain Status

13. Charitable contributions
- Maintain Status

14. Child tax credit
- Slightly Increase

15. Earned income tax credit
- Slightly Increase

16. Medical expense deduction
- Slightly Increase

17. Mortgage deduction
- Maintain Status

18. Student loan credit
- Slightly Increase

Budgetary, Spending, and Taxes, Part 3: Taxes (B)

1. Do you support the permanent repeal of the federal estate tax?
- No

2. Do you support making President Bush's tax cuts permanent?
- No

3. Discuss your proposals for balancing the federal budget. (75 words or less. Please use an attached page if the space below is not adequate.)
- No Answer

4. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Campaign Finance and Government Reform

1. Support public taxpayer funding for federal candidates who comply with campaign spending limits.
- X

2. Increase the amount individuals are permitted to contribute to federal campaigns.
- X

3. Prohibit Political Action Committee (PAC) contributions to candidates for federal office.
- X

4. Allow unregulated soft money campaign contributions to political parties or committees.
- No Answer

5. Remove all contribution limits on federal campaigns and parties.
- No Answer

6. Require Section 527 organizations to register with the Federal Election Commission as Political Action Committees.
- No Answer

7. Do you support instant run-off voting?
- Yes

8. Should Election Day be a national holiday?
- Yes

9. Do you support a constitutional amendment that would define marriage as a union between a man and woman?
- No

10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Crime

1. Support the use of the death penalty for federal crimes.
- X

2. Eliminate the use of the death penalty for federal crimes.
- No Answer

3. Support programs to provide prison inmates with educational, vocational and job-related skills and job-placement assistance when released.
- X

4. Support programs to provide prison inmates with drug and alcohol addiction treatment.
- X

5. Reduce prison sentences for those who commit non-violent crimes.
- No Answer

6. Require that crimes based on gender, sexual orientation, and disability be prosecuted as federal hate crimes.
- X

7. Impose stricter penalties for those convicted of corporate crimes.
- No Answer

8. Minors accused of a violent crime should be prosecuted as adults.
- No Answer

9. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Drug

1. Support mandatory jail sentences for selling illegal drugs.
- No Answer

2. Expand federally sponsored drug education and drug treatment programs.
- X

3. Decriminalize the possession of small amounts of marijuana.
- No Answer

4. Allow doctors to recommend marijuana to their patients for medicinal purposes.
- X

5. Increase border security to stop the flow of illegal drugs into the United States.
- X

6. Eliminate federal funding for programs associated with the "war on drugs."
- No Answer

7. Support a federal law to standardize testing and penalties for steroid use in professional sports.
- No Answer

8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Education

1. Support national standards for and testing of public school students.
- No Answer

2. Allow parents to use vouchers, (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any public school.
- No Answer

3. Allow parents to use vouchers, (equal opportunity scholarships) to send their children to any private or religious school.
- No Answer

4. Allow teachers and professionals to receive authorization and funding to establish charter schools.
- No Answer

5. Reward teachers with merit pay for working in low-income schools.
- X

6. Increase funding for school capital improvements (e.g. buildings, infrastructure, technology).
- X

7. Support affirmative action in public college admissions.
- X

8. Increase funding of programs such as Pell grants and Stafford loans to help students pay for college.
- X

9. Support federal tax incentives to help families save for college.
- X

10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Employment and Affirmative Action

1. Increase funding for national job-training programs that re-train displaced workers or teach skills needed in today's job market.
- X

2. Reduce government regulation of the private sector in order to encourage investment and economic expansion.
- No Answer

3. Provide tax credits or grants to businesses that offer child care services to employees.
- X

4. Encourage employers to offer flex-time scheduling, comp-time, and unpaid leave for family emergencies.
- X

5. Eliminate all federal programs designed to reduce unemployment.
- No Answer

6. Increase the federal minimum wage.
- X

7. Support the right of workers to strike without fear of being permanently replaced.
- X

8. Include sexual orientation in federal anti-discrimination laws.
- X

9. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

10. The federal government should consider race and gender in government contracting decisions.
- X

11. The federal government should discontinue affirmative action programs.
- No Answer

12. The federal government should continue affirmative action programs.
- X

Environment and Energy

1. Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Water Act.
- X

2. Strengthen the regulation and enforcement of the Clean Air Act.
- X

3. Support Clear Skies Act to reduce power plant emissions by setting a national cap on pollutants.
- X

4. Require states to compensate citizens when environmental regulations limit uses of privately-owned land.
- No Answer

5. Relax logging restrictions on federal lands.
- No Answer

6. Relax standards on federal lands to allow increased recreational usage.
- No Answer

7. Support increased development of traditional energy resources (e.g. coal, natural gas, oil).
- No Answer

8. Strengthen emission controls and fuel efficiency standards on all gasoline and diesel-powered engines, including cars, trucks, and sport utility vehicles.
- X

9. Support opening a portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge for oil exploration.
- No Answer

10. Encourage further development and use of alternative fuels to reduce pollution.
- X

11. Support the use of ethanol as an alternative fuel.
- X

12. Allow energy producers to trade pollution credits.
- X

13. Support the Kyoto Protocol to limit global warming.
- X

14. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Gun

1. Reauthorize the ban on the sale or transfer of semi-automatic guns, except those used for hunting.
- X

2. Maintain and strengthen the current level of enforcement of existing federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- X

3. Ease federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- No Answer

4. Repeal federal restrictions on the purchase and possession of guns.
- No Answer

5. Allow citizens to carry concealed guns.
- No Answer

6. Require background checks on gun sales between private citizens at gun shows.
- X

7. Require a license for gun possession.
- X

8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Health

1. Providing health care is not a responsibility of the federal government.
- No Answer

2. Implement a universal health care program to guarantee coverage to all Americans regardless of income.
- X

3. Expand eligibility for tax-free medical savings accounts.
- No Answer

4. Establish limits on the amount of punitive damages awarded in medical malpractice lawsuits.
- No Answer

5. Support expanding prescription drug coverage under Medicare.
- X

6. Offer tax credits to individuals and small businesses to offset the cost of insurance coverage.
- X

7. Support automatic enrollment of children in federal health care programs such as CHIP and Medicaid.
- X

8. Support stem cell research on existing lines of stem cells.
- X

9. Allow laboratories to create new lines of stem cells for additional research.
- X

10. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Immigration

1. Decrease the number of legal immigrants allowed into the country.
- No Answer

2. Establish English as the official national language.
- No Answer

3. Support a temporary worker program that would enable illegal immigrants to work in the United States legally.
- X

4. Relax restrictions barring legal immigrants from using government funded social programs (e.g. public housing, food stamps).
- X

5. Support amnesty for illegal immigrants already working in the United States.
- No Answer

6. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

International Aid, International Policy, and Trade Issues, Part 1: International Aid

1. Aid should be granted to countries when extraordinary circumstances cause disaster and threaten civilian lives.
- X

2. Aid should be granted to countries when it is in the security interests of the United States.
- X

3. Aid should be eliminated for any nation with documented human rights abuses.
- No Answer

4. International Aid programs should be scaled back and eventually eliminated.
- No Answer

5. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

International Aid, International Policy, and Trade Issues, Part 2: International Policy

1. Should the United States continue to provide leadership in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process?
- Yes

2. Should the United States support the creation of a Palestinian state?
- Yes

3. Should the United States withdraw its troops from Iraq?
- No Answer

4. Should the United States send more troops to Iraq?
- No Answer

5. Discuss your proposals for an exit strategy in Iraq. (75 words or less. Please use an attached page if the space below is not adequate.)
- No Answer

6. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

7. Should the United States use diplomatic and economic pressure to encourage North Korea to abandon its nuclear weapons program?
- Yes

8. Should the United States use military force to dismantle the North Korean nuclear weapons program?
- No Answer

9. Should the United States remove the North Korean government from power?
- No Answer

10. Should the United States increase financial support to Afghanistan?
- Yes

11. Should the United States increase military support to Afghanistan?
- Yes

12. Should the United States maintain its financial support of the United Nations?
- Yes

13. Should the United States decrease its financial support of the United Nations?
- No

14. Should the United States commit troops to United Nations peacekeeping missions?
- Yes

15. Should the United States lift the travel ban to Cuba?
- No

16. Should the United States increase its financial support to Colombia to combat "the war on drugs?"
- Yes

17. Should aid to African nations for AIDS prevention programs fund distribution of contraceptives?
- Yes

18. Should aid to African nations for AIDS prevention programs fund abstinence education?
- Yes

International Aid, International Policy, and Trade Issues, Part 3: International Trade

1. Do you support the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
- No

2. Do you support the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)?
- No

3. Do you support the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)?
- Yes

4. Do you support continued U.S. membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
- Yes

5. Should a nation's human rights record affect its normal trade relations (most favored nation) status with the United States?
- Yes

6. Do you support the trade embargo against Cuba?
- Yes

7. Should trade agreements include provisions to address environmental concerns and to protect workers' rights?
- Yes

8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

National Security

1. Do you support using military tribunals to try suspected terrorists when ordinary civilian courts are deemed inappropriate or impractical?
- Yes

2. Should the United States grant law enforcement agencies greater discretion to read mail and email, tap phones, and conduct random searches to prevent future terrorist attacks?
- No

3. Should the United States hold foreign states accountable for terrorists who operate in their country?
- Yes

4. Should the federal government increase funding to states and cities for homeland security?
- Yes

5. Do you support the prohibition of torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment of prisoners in U.S. custody?
- Yes

6. Do you support a policy of pre-emptive military strikes against countries deemed to be a threat to U.S. national security?
- No Answer

7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Social Security

1. Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts which they manage themselves.
- No Answer

2. Allow workers to invest a portion of their payroll tax in private accounts managed by private firms contracted by the government.
- No Answer

3. Invest a portion of Social Security assets collectively in stocks and bonds instead of United States Treasury securities.
- No Answer

4. Increase the payroll tax to better finance Social Security in its current form.
- No Answer

5. Lower the annual cost-of-living increases.
- No Answer

6. Raise the retirement age for individual eligibility to receive full Social Security benefits.
- No Answer

7. Other of expanded principles
- No Answer

Technology and Communication

1. Collect taxes on commercial Internet transactions.
- X

2. Continue the moratorium on Internet taxation.
- No Answer

3. Implement government regulation of Internet content.
- No Answer

4. Support government mandates to curtail violent and sexual content on television.
- No Answer

5. Support strict penalties for Internet crimes (e.g. hacking, identity theft, worms/viruses).
- X

6. Support legislation to detail how personal information can be collected and used on the Internet.
- X

7. Regulating the Internet is not a responsibility of the federal government.
- No Answer

8. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Welfare and Poverty

1. Require welfare recipients to spend at least 40 hours a week in a combination of work and training programs.
- No Answer

2. Increase funding for child care programs.
- X

3. Continue to give states and local governments flexibility in and responsibility for welfare programs through federal block grants.
- X

4. Direct federal poverty aid through religious, community-based, or other non-profit organizations.
- X

5. Abolish all federal welfare programs.
- No Answer

6. Support housing assistance for welfare recipients.
- X

7. Other or expanded principles
- No Answer

Legislative Priorities

On an attached page, disk, or via email, please explain in a total of 75 words or less, your top two or three priorities if elected. If they require additional funding for implementation, please explain how you would obtain this funding.
- No Answer

2019

Abortion

1. Do you generally support pro-choice or pro-life legislation?
- Pro-choice

Budget

1. In order to balance the budget, do you support an income tax increase on any tax bracket?
- Yes

2. In order to balance the budget, do you support reducing defense spending?
- Yes

Campaign Finance

1. Do you support the regulation of indirect campaign contributions from corporations and unions?
- Yes

Economy

1. Do you support federal spending as a means of promoting economic growth?
- Yes

2. Do you support lowering corporate taxes as a means of promoting economic growth?
- No

Education

1. Do you support requiring states to adopt federal education standards?
- Yes

Energy & Environment

1. Do you support government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, thermal)?
- Yes

2. Do you support the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions?
- Yes

Guns

1. Do you generally support gun-control legislation?
- Yes

Health Care

1. Do you support repealing the 2010 Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare")?
- No

Immigration

1. Do you support the construction of a wall along the Mexican border?
- No

2. Do you support requiring immigrants who are unlawfully present to return to their country of origin before they are eligible for citizenship?
- No

Marijuana

Do you support the legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes?
- Unknown Position

National Security

1. Should the United States use military force in order to prevent governments hostile to the U.S. from possessing a nuclear weapon?
- No

2. Do you support increased American intervention in Middle Eastern conflicts beyond air support?
- No